房颤药物治疗

了解药物以及它们为什么有用.

For most patients, medications are the most helpful form of treatment. But many studies show that patients often stop taking medications because of side effects or a belief that they no longer need it. 停药是非常危险的.

如果你已经开了心脏药物, taking and tracking your medications is one of the best things you can do for your health.

Tell your health care team about all of your other drugs and supplements, 包括非处方药和维生素.

下载我们的打印药物登录 English (PDF) or Spanish (PDF) 跟踪你的药物.

房颤的药物治疗

Doctors often prescribe medications to prevent and treat blood clots that can lead to a stroke. They may also prescribe additional drugs to control your heart rate and rhythm, 并建议药物与其他治疗相结合.

心率可能更难控制. 治疗的沙巴足球体育平台越长 atrial fibrillation (also called AFib or AF), the more difficult it is to reestablish a normal rhythm.

Medication options may include *blood thinners, heart rate controllers and heart rhythm controllers. 这里的列表并不打算全面, and we encourage you to revisit this page often to keep up with the newest in AFib medication options.

你的医生会使用一种叫做CHA的评估量表₂DS₂-VASc风险，以确定是否需要药物治疗. 该量表的组成部分是:

• C充血性心力衰竭
• H高血压(高血压的医学术语)
• Age (75 or older)
• Diabetes
• STroke(前一集)
• Vascular disease (prior heart attack, peripheral artery disease or aortic plaque)
• Age 65-74
• Sex (female)

The more components you have may result in increased use of medications to control your AFib.

用药物(抗血小板和抗凝剂)预防血栓

Doctors prescribe drugs such as blood thinners to prevent blood clot formation or treat an existing blood clot. Examples include:

• Warfarin
• Other Food and Drug Administration-approved anticoagulants such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, 艾多沙班和阿哌沙班(直接作用口服抗凝剂)
• 阿司匹林(罕见病例)

副作用概述

抗血小板(阿司匹林) 会增加出血的风险吗. 尽管你可以在药店买到阿司匹林, it is important that you do not take more than the dose prescribed by your doctor. Report any of the symptoms listed below to your health care professional.

Anticoagulants 增加出血的风险. 如果你开了华法林, a monthly blood test is necessary to monitor and achieve optimal dosing. 请阅读患者服用华法林的指南.

The newer direct acting oral anticoagulants don’t require the monthly blood test. 但重要的是要把它们作为预防中风的指导. 下载我们的表格:什么是直接作用的口服抗凝剂? (PDF)

服用抗凝血药物时的重要注意事项

• Call your health care professional right away if you have any unusual bleeding or bruising
• 如果你忘记每天服用抗凝血剂， don't 多吃一个补一下. Follow your health care professional's directions about what to do if you miss a dose.

Always talk to your health care professional about switching from one anticoagulant to another (including changing to a generic version). 即使剂量的微小变化也会引起问题.

• Always tell your doctor, dentist and pharmacist that you take one of these medicines. This is especially important before you start taking a new medication or have any procedure that can cause bleeding.
• If you are taking warfarin, discuss any new medications with your health care professionals. 许多药物会改变华法林在体内的作用. 甚至维生素(和一些食物)也能改变这种效果. 

It's wise to take extra care with contact sports or any other situation that might risk unnecessary trauma. Here are some things to watch for or report to your physician if you:

• 发生了什么事故
• 经常发现瘀伤或血泡
• 感到恶心、虚弱、晕眩或头晕
• 觉得自己怀孕了
• 注意尿液或大便呈红色、深褐色或黑色
• 经期出血更多
• 注意牙龈出血
• 头痛或胃痛不能好吗

心率控制药物

• Beta blockers. 这些药能减慢心率. Most people can function and feel better if their heart rate is controlled. Read more about beta blockers. 受体阻滞剂的例子包括:
• Atenolol
• Bisoprolol
• Carvedilol
• Metoprolol
• Nadolol
• Propranolol
• Timolol
• 钙通道阻滞剂 这些药物对心脏有多重作用. They are used to slow the heart rate in patients with AFib and to reduce the strength of the muscle cell’s contraction. 钙通道阻滞剂的例子包括:
• Diltiazem
• Verapamil
• Digoxin. This medication slows the rate at which electrical currents are conducted from the atria to the ventricle.

心律控制药物

一旦你的心率得到控制, the next consideration is to treat the abnormal heart rhythm with medications to restore it to normal. 可能会产生严重的副作用. Your health care professional will most likely want to monitor your progress closely. There are two types of channel blockers for controlling the heart’s rhythm:

• 钠通道阻滞剂 help the heart's rhythm by slowing its ability to conduct electricity. 例子包括:
• 氟卡尼(Tambocor®)
• 普罗帕酮(Rythmol®)
• Quinidine (Various)
• 钾通道阻滞剂 help the heart’s rhythm by slowing down the electrical signals that cause AFib. 例子包括:
• 胺碘酮(Cordarone®或Pacerone®)
• Sotalol (Betapace®)
• Dofetilide
• Dronedarone (Multaq®)

AFib的治疗方案还包括 non-surgical and surgical approaches. 与您的医疗保健专业人员讨论最适合您的选择.